How hedge funds are structured Essay

Hedge funds are investment partnerships with the scope of investing in any kind of market securities including real estates, derivatives, currencies, commodities among many others. The funds play essential roles in decreasing the mispricing activities in the financial markets. They are considered significant in the provision of liquidity both during the calm and stressful periods. The funds add depth and scope in the capital markets and provide an important source of transferring and diversifying risks by taking risks that would have instead lingered in the balance sheets of numerous financial organizations. Various brokerages have offered hedge fund among other instruments. Firstly, the regional brokerage offers such instruments because of its potential higher return. Being a limited partnership, the hedge fund only has a little regulation, which means that different investment strategies such as financial leveraged or short positions can be used throughout their investment. They will seek to provide the exploited investment opportunities through different investment vehicles. Involved strategies include ultimate analysis of the publicly traded companies with an emphasis on the small and medium enterprises that are also involved in the conduct of business activities. The modern hedge fund structure includes an incentive-based fee based on a certain percentage of profits and a fee of assets under management. With an excellent performance of a hedge fund manager, the firm can maximize the returns and minimize market risk and thus earn high commissions in both up and down market by picking a good stock. From the history record, the energy prices usually have a high correlation with inflation. In the periods of rising inflation, the energy funds are doing better in the market. Its past performance was unusual in such a volatile and cyclical industry. Thus, it provides investors with a good diversification tool. This is also why such brokerages would like to offer energy fund. For the investors, the hedge funds bring a higher return for them. For the firm, their competitiveness is increased. The hedge funds are vital in maintaining competitive edges in capital markets. Brokerages provide essential research details that attract investors as well as financial capital that fasten economic growth. The dynamic hedge fund reports are provided to show the numbers, size, and locations of the funds. They show experiences of growth over periods of time which is measured either by the number of issued funds or rather the assets that are under the management. In addition to the above, they show the accountability and transparency by offering information associated with the financial health of the types of companies in the target for investment. Regional brokerages offer such instruments to enable investor protection from risks that are associated with hedge funds. It offers a guidelines to investors. The reports show the overvalued and undervalued equity securities. They reveal the funds with highly expected returns which one can invest in. The activist hedge fund intends to increase the benefit of the shareholder through the company ownership and the demands that are made in favor of improving the management and the business strategies.

Descriptive Writing in Literature

Literature indulges us in a different world by using descriptive writing that paints a vivid picture in our mind. Every author has a different way to accomplish that, but the main purpose is to draw the reader into the desired place and time of the literature. I will compare two poems and one story that capture the imagination by a descriptive writing. First we will take a closer look how these authors accomplished their transition of us into their world and then we will compare if those works have something in common. Grabbing the attention of a reader is not an easy thing especially that each person has a different view of the world, and one thing that can be understandable to some can be an enigma to others. In the poem â€Å"The Fish† written by Elizabeth Bishop we can see a simple act of catching a fish that is translated into a powerful descriptive poem that shows how this catch not only defined time, but is also a renewal of life after the release. When we hear a person describing a fish it is usually pretty simple: small, big, long, had large teeth, heavy etc†¦ In the poem Elizabeth Bishop uses great synonyms and metaphors (change the words) that grab our attention from the first verse:† I caught a tremendous fish and held him beside the boat half out of the water, with my hook fast in a corner of his mouth. † We can clearly imagine the fish that has just been caught still breathing being held next to the boat. Next she uses synonyms that start to describe the appearance of it: â€Å"He hung a grunting weight, battered and venerable and homely. But the great description does not end on those couple lines she goes into details about its skin and how it looks like an old wallpaper, discolored, faded, torn apart: â€Å"his brown skin hung in strips like ancient wall-paper, and its pattern of darker brown was like wall-paper: shapes like full-brown roses stained and lost through age. † Just from reading this couple lines we can see that the fish was old, because of its skin and the color of it, some fish can even grow up to a hundred and now we can see that the catch could be even older that the fisherman. The author goes into further detail about the age of the fish when he writes: â€Å"hung five old pieces of fish-line†¦ with all their five big hooks† and â€Å"Like medal with their ribbons frayed and wavering, a five-haired beard of wisdom trailing from his aching jaw. † These lines have great power of showing us that the fisherman realized that the fish had fought many battles throughout his years, and the reminders that were left in his jaw look like medals worn by soldiers after their fights. The image that we can develop thanks to this descriptive writing is bright and clear this metaphor of medals is a great way to picture the old, tired fish that has overcame many obstacles on its path (Bishop, 2007). The story that we will look at that has also caught my imagination through its playful and colorful writing is â€Å"The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky† by Stephen Crane. In this short story not only the surrounding is described to details, but characters feeling and thoughts are written in a way that we can place ourselves in their shoes. This way we can accomplish a greater similarity with characters and also show some emotion that we have never felt before â€Å"She continually twisted her head to regard her puff sleeves, very stiff, straight, and high. They embarrassed her. † In those two lines we can see that the character is not used to this king of attire and it is making her uncomfortable. Same thing probably happened to everybody in their life once, when we had to wear something that was not chosen by us, but the dress code or the occasion required it, like a bridesmaid who wears a dress that thinks it is the ugliest in the world only to please the bride. Those simple feeling transferred to paper can make the reader transfer in time and place to the action of the story. For example when Stephen Crane describes the drunken challenger and his eagerness to pick a gun fight with anybody he shows us how determined and fearless the man felt â€Å"Often he yelled, and these cries rang through a semblance of a deserted village, shrilly flying over the roofs in a volume that seemed to have no relation to the ordinary vocal strength of a man. It was if the surrounding stillness formed the arch of a tomb over him. These cries of ferocious challenge rang against walls of silence. † We can picture a man who is screaming so loudly that his voice can be heard across town almost begging to find a challenger, but his calls are unanswered and the silence of the town shows how serious this man is. Descriptive writing is a great way to narrate a story that way there is no room for misplacing the feeling that the author is trying to show us (Crane, 2007). The second poem that I have chosen is â€Å"I dwell in the Possibility† by Emily Dickinson. This poem is much different than other two literature works, because it leaves more room for our imagination to fill in the gaps. Emily tells us through her poem how much she loves poetry and how limitless it is. She compares it to a house â€Å"A fairer House than Prose-â€Å"and with this single line she burns an image of a house in our mind, but how does it look? How big is it? In that split second after reading that line we can imagine a house of our dreams without limitations. She goes on comparing windows to opportunities and endless options that can be achieved through poetry. Our house starts taking a sharper and clearer image in us, and to achieve her desired influence on us she paints an extraordinary picture in our imagination. The second stanza holds the key to the incredible descriptive writing that took us on a journey: â€Å"And for an Everlasting Roof The Gambrels of the Sky-â€Å". No house could be complete without a roof; or could it? How could we imagine a house without a roof, or could the sky be our roof? The options are limitless the metaphor is excellent and the descriptive writing although not detailed still fulfilled its purpose of invoking a vivid picture that will last in our mind forever (Dickinson, 2007). Each author used different method of descriptive writing; some left us more room to play with our imagination than others. What matters the most is that not only a colorful picture is painted in our mind, but also emotions are clearly portrayed. To indulge the reader all three authors use the power of words. In poem â€Å"The Fish† I stared and stared and victory filled up the little rented boat†¦ until everything was rainbow, rainbow, rainbow! † We can imagine the sight of a fisherman that caught a tremendous fish and is really happy, and more importantly in those few lines we can fell that joy and positive energy that illuminates this image in our head. The emotions are almost screaming through the fisherman and the renewal of life after releasing the fish can be felt in us the readers as well. Also the author accomplished sympathy toward the fish without ever mentioning fear or agerness to escape the terrible future that was meant for it. He accomplished that through descriptive writing of its appearance when he compared hooks left in his jaw to medals of soldiers which sway in the wind or when he looked into his eyes that were larger than fisherman’s. Those few moments subconsciously build sympathy in us toward the catch and also build some tension when we read from line to line in hope that it will somehow survive (Bishop, 2007). Stephen Crane also portrays great emotions in his story. This story builds up a tension that was heading towards a gunfight were the main character Jack Potter could not even live long enough to enjoy his first day of marriage. When we compare typical Western movies to â€Å"The Bride comes to Yellow Sky† we can see allot of differences. Nobody has died or even been shot and most importantly even the tough Sheriff is scared of something; people’s reaction to his marriage. The author uses descriptive writing while narrating through the train ride, saloon, and mad gun slinger on the path for blood. What might be a surprise from the first page we can see the emotions of Jack Potter which normally we did not see in Westerns where all lead characters are tough, emotionless, and invincible. The author wants to show real emotions even in a feared man like Jack that was freshly married on his way with the bride to his hometown. The emotions shown between the newlyweds are a big part of this story â€Å"A sense of mutual guilt invaded their minds and developed a finer tenderness. †(p. 484). The joy and happiness that people receive after their marriage is incredible; so many thoughts and feeling are experienced at the same time that are hard to describe and thanks to describing those feeling we become sympathetic with the couple. As we read we develop almost friendship with them and we can start envisioning the unstoppably gunfight which builds even greater emotions in us. Page after page Stephen Crane paints a clearer picture of tension in the town before the main battle erupts â€Å"Oh, there’ll be a fight fast enough, if any one wants it. Anybody can get a fight out there in the street. There’s a fight just waiting. † The description of the gunslinger shows that the man is serious and eager to kill which might be Jack Potter â€Å"His eyes, rolling, and yet keen for ambush†¦. He walked with the creeping movement of the midnight cat. As it occurred to him, he roared menacing information. † Tension reaches climax at the end where both men collide unexpectedly. This story not only transferred us in time and place to a small Western town, but also painted a clear picture of emotions that even toughest man goes through when they get married (Crane, 2007). Descriptive writing is one of the most creative ways to indulge the reader in literature’s world. Thanks to descriptive writing the authors can stimulate reader’s imagination that will leave an everlasting imprint. The proper usage of words can transfer us in time and location, and also into a different emotion that we might have never experienced. This method brings heart into any work that pumps blood which is so vital at keeping the reader interested and on the edge of their seat. We could see it clearly in story â€Å"The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky† where tension builds up with each page turned and the closer we get to the end the closer we get to a tragedy than somehow never happens. Even in poem â€Å"The Fish† emotions are building up to sympathies readers with the fish although usually we do not associate feeling with fishes. The final literature work â€Å"I Dwell in the Possibility† incorporates a different descriptive writing. It is not guided by usual details that are followed, but single lines that are just as powerful, and are left to roam our mind and take on shapes and forms that only readers can see and feel.

A Nation Of Pride .. Lifein America After The Revolutionary

A Nation of Pride Life in America after the Revolutionary war went through major transformations. The first seeds to a feeling of nationalism were planted at the end of the French-Indian war, however, the growing sense of pride and unity fluctuated at the conclusion of the American Revolutionary War. Chiefly, the Americans felt presumptuous in their ability to lead an individual nation, and they still harbored harsh feelings against the British due to their cruelty ensuing the French-Indian War. The Americans took drastic steps to ensure their independence. Namely, the first steps in visualizing the American freedom was the signing of the Declaration of Independence on July four, 1776, which was greatly inspired by Thomas Paine s†¦show more content†¦At first the Articles had to deal with three unrelated issues. First, they had to assume responsibility of covering the war debts. Next, the Articles had to see to making peace with the Indians. Finally, they had to guide the c itizens in dealing with the western settlement. The Articles seemed to be a fair form of government with equal rights and powers and no executive legislature, however, it was very weak causing a modest form of upper power to slowly be invented. To help with the war debts the confederations turned to the states to assist in funding the war debts. However, the states having their own personal debts, while establishing ,were reluctant to tax their people, feeling it would inhibit growth and sales of properties. The state of Massachusetts, however, instated a huge tax on their occupants and took great measures to enforce them. Provided that, the Massachusetts residence were infuriated and sought revenge. Massachusetts citizens decided to take actions, after a series of civil conventions to settle the tax issue ended in futility. At first, they targeted the courthouses forcing them to shut down. The military refused to get involved due to pity for the citizens. The rebels were not poor p eople they just wanted justice. One of those farmers and former army captain was Danial Shay. Daniel Shay was disparaged by the Massachusetts governor, James Bowdoin. Bowdoin was formerly a strong advocate against

Marketing Strategy Of The Company - 861 Words

MGMT 6072 – International Sales Skills Product Strategy Prepared By: Karishma Vasaya Selling Company: Columbia Sportswear Company The company was established in Portland, Oregon, developing equipment for the enjoyment of outdoor activities and sports for more than 70 years. Our company is the business leader in sports products and outdoor attire taking desire in understanding the individuals loving the outdoor activities. Hence, our products like Pants, jackets, boots, shoes, shirts, gloves etc. are all inspected tough so that individuals can enjoy the outdoors longer. Also, these products are well designed and crafted durable. Product Sold: Winter Jackets A water-resistant with multiple layered developed through watertight sheet on the outer surface with soft fabric inside to protect and insulate against chilly winds and frosty snow. Buying Company: Outdoors Magic Ltd (Get your game on†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦) Prospect Information: Name: Wal-mart store, Inc Wal-Mart Stores, Inc also known as Walmart manages a chain of department stores offering various products like grocery, fashion, sea food, clothing, electronics, etc. Many people prefer shopping at this store because it is considered as one stop shop. List of Questions: 1. What encouraged you to look into this company for buying products? 2. What qualities do you look in for buying insulated jacket? 3. Which quality is most important to you? 4. What don’t you like to have in a winter jacket? (Any specification likeShow MoreRelatedMarketing Strategy Of A Company1018 Words   |  5 PagesCompanies cannot last without customers and Marketing strategies that aim to develop customer relationships (Ferrell Hartline, 2012). Long time ago, many people didn’t think that having a Marketing Department in a company was very important or necessary. Actually, many companies start to realize that is very important and necessary have a Marketing Department inside the company for communicating to consumers what they are selling. Also, if someone wants to create a successful company has to haveRead MoreMarketing Strategy Of The Company Essay2044 Words   |  9 PagesBusiness marketing is the heart and soul of any business and happens to one of the main determinants of the success of an organization in any given industry. In 2015, the company released a new product line known as the Adidas ultra-boost running shoe which received a lot of hype among the consumers on how good it was (Adidas Official, 2016, Web). The shoes are believed to be the ones that would revolutionize and reset the running industry through the use of the technology that was used in theirRead MoreMarketing Strategy Of The Apple Company Essay959 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Marketing is the driver behind the sales of products in either local or international market. Marketing refers to a form of communication between a firm or seller and their customers, with a goal to sell their products to the customers. The key aspect of marketing is communication. Different companies have different marketing strategies. Good marketing strategies lead to successful sales. It is through the marketing strategies employed by a firm that enables it to outdo their competitorsRead MoreThe Marketing Strategy Of Nikon Company1376 Words   |  6 PagesElements that Nikon company should consider in their marketing strategy in ensuring that their customers are educated successfully. The rise in the use of digital technology for work, leisure and other activities has influenced customer to rise the need of digital competency. Consumers need to have knowledge of technology and know their rights and responsibilities when using digital technology. Adequate customer education is important and necessary in enhancing the needed competency. It is importantRead MoreMarketing Strategy Of A New Company1890 Words   |  8 PagesRecently, I helped a new company who wanted to help tech startups connect with investors. They had invested quite a bit of time and money into a marketing strategy. When I looked over their strategy, it was all about the benefit of their products and had nothing to do with the startups they were trying to do business with. Understandably, they were frustrated that their efforts were not getting any traction with their target audience, and they were worried that all of their wasted time and moneyRead MoreMarketing Strategy Of The Coke Company1189 Wor ds   |  5 PagesMoving to the Coke Company, they are not any behind in the competition against their rival, Pepsi Company. Perhaps, they are even ahead of Pepsi companies in both statistically and efficiently. Talking about statistics, they are certainly the number one brand leaving Pepsi in number two. And just like their rival Pepsi and every other beverage companies, they also have plans for marketing strategies and their marketing strategies are effective and creative as well. According to Chad and Gabriel (2003)Read MoreMarketing Strategy Of Yum Company Essay1440 Words   |  6 PagesOverview/ Yum! Brand in China; On a global scale, YUM brand is the largest restaurant company in the world with 13 billion in total revenue in 2014. In the year 2014, Yum! Brand has opened over 1000 international units with an average of 3 units opening a day. This rate of expansion is unheard of in the modern restaurant business. Yum! Brand first entered the Chinese market through opening a KFC store in Beijing, the first of its kind in China, in 1987. Since 1987, YUM! Brand has successfullyRead MoreMarketing Pricing Strategy For A Company929 Words   |  4 Pagesgood pricing strategy that is suitable to the company’s current position in the market in order to increase profit. When adopting a well set pricing strategy, the company has a key option to stay feasible. To earn more profit, a company should avoid raising the price of a product especially during an economic recession. This action will only raise the risk of a company hitting a major loss in the product market because of the price factor. A product mix pricing strategy is the strategy for settingRead MoreMarketing Strategy Of Pipeworks Brewing Company1128 Words   |  5 Pagesproduct. A company’s product success is determined by it’s brand strategy. Hammond (2015) mentions that â€Å"A dynamic and memorable brand strategy m ust include both the brand personality (visual: graphics, colors, images, etc.) and the brand positioning (messaging: the words used to bring brand to life). That said, the brand personality and positioning should make consumers aware of the product being offered. (BOOK CITE) states that â€Å"A company lives or dies based on brand awareness. Consumers cannot buyRead MoreMarketing Strategy Of Pepsi Soda Company Essay1230 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica. The company has rapidly grown and spread all over the world. Currently the coke company has been founded in 200 countries and over 84000 suppliers. Despite the great expansion, the company has been facing challenges in global market, where the products are said not to be nutritional. The Coke Company has come up with strategies to enhance international and global competition. Pepsi Soda Company is one of the greatest competitor since it produce the same product. The marketing strategy pursed

Financial Performance of the Skylark Company Essay

Essays on Financial Performance of the Skylark Company Essay The paper "Financial Performance of the Skylark Company" is a good example of an essay on finance and accounting. Skylark Co. Ltd operates a wider range of housekeeping and table service restaurants. The Skylark Company is of a Japanese origin founded in 1962 and based in Japan.   By August 31st, 2014, the company’s long-term business objectives had managed to acquire 3,005 restaurants in Japan and internationally.   This company is also involved in the sales and planning of goods sold in the restaurants, transportation of food products and restaurant cleaning. The provision of a wider range of hotel and restaurant products has maximized the profit margins of Skylark Co. Ltd. This research paper provides an overview of Skylark Co. Ltd.   Additionally, it explains the future expectations of this company, whether its future predicts booms or bumps in its business operations.Conducted a number of roadshows that were aimed at promoting its operations in order to capture a wi der customer base planned for $987 million (Morgan n.p). These roadshows provided diversification in the goods and services offered by the Skylark Company. Additionally, this company ventured into three breweries as an anchor investment in the roadshows business promotions.   Suntory Beers and Spirits, Asahi breweries and Karim holdings pledged 4.9 billion yen, 4.1 billion yen and 4 billion yen respectively in the Skylark at the IPO price. This boosted the shareholder’s capacity in this company, and the shareholder's index moved to 94% in secondary indexing and 6% in the primary share indexing (Morgan n.p). The Bain capital acquired by Skylark Co. Ltd was at $ 2.1 billion in 2011. This divested a third of this company’s stake, which remained a major shareholder in the Japanese money market and banks. Currently, the Skylark Company owns about 186 million shares of the restaurant chain operator. This company also plans to sell 23.3 million shares to the international i nstitutional investors and about 45.5 million shares in the domestic market tranche (Morgan n.p).   Ã‚  The future of the Skylark Company is enshrined in the merger and conglomeration of this company’s’ products. This company plans on venturing into the international manufacturing of beverages and venturing into food distribution services. It also plans of merging with Japanese industrial partners, which will boost its sales by an additional 2%. According to the current Skylark management team, a combination of this company and two private equity firms will boost its sales to about 66.5 million shares (Morgan n.p). This enrollment of shares indexing will boost this company’s secondary tranche by an extra 7 million shares in the near future. The primary shares on offer will also be increased to a total of 4.1 million.In summary, this company’s price as per now is at the bottom of the range at $690. In the progress, the company’s price is expected to rise as it plans on highly competitive sales of its shares.   This company’s recruitment marketing range through a competitive sale of its shares would be above the earlier minimum indicative price. The plans for this recruitment marketing system would rise to a minimum of $2 billion. Lastly, the company plans to adopt strict growth policies to curb the weak IPO performances.

Education system in Hard Times Essay Example For Students

Education system in Hard Times Essay Hard Times was written in the Victorian period around 1854 when work had became more important. Coketown is meant to represent a typical Victorian town where people were rapidly moving, to work in the mills. However there was no housing for these people and the town is very polluted. Life for the working class was hard; they became a unit with no identity. In Hard Times they are referred to as the hands indicating they have lost their identity in the factory system and are only valued for their ability to work and produce goods using their hands. They worked long hours, many doing dangerous tasks, for very little money and lived in poor accommodation. The rich Victorians, generally, were in charge of the poor and could control them. The rich people lived in big houses, had access to entertainments like the theatre and could have their children home tutored. In this period there was no state funded education system, however many factory owners set up schools in towns for their workers children. This is the case in Hard Times. Charles Dickens was appalled at the conditions for the working class and wrote the novel to show the middle and upper classes just how bad the conditions were. He hoped that after reading Hard Times they would sympathise and understand the working class, and improve conditions for them.  Dickens has a very negative view on the education system he felt it was useless and of no value to the children and their futures. There were lots of pupils in one classroom with boys and girls separated by a gap in the middle. The teachers were powerful and squeezed any individuality out of them and constantly promoted facts. They were taught in military style and not allowed to have any fun or fancy. Many of the children were frightened at school. Dickens strongly disagreed with this system and thought the children didnt learn anything from it. There are three adults involved in the opening chapters of the novel within the classroom; Mr Gradgrind who is the local factory owner and funds the school, Mr MChoakumchild, the teacher, and an unnamed gentleman; a government officer. Dickens presents all three characters as hard and square. Mr Gradgrind becomes a caricature at the start of the novel. The speakers square wall of a forehead the speakers mouth which was wide, thin, and hard set.  This gives the reader the impression that he is a strong character, set in his ways and wont negotiate. The use of square indicates he is not a fair, rounded person. By the end of the novel he develops beyond this. Gradgrind likes to calculate things, its what he does best. With a rule and a pair of scales ready to weigh and measure any parcel of human nature and tell you exactly what it comes to.  Dickens again reiterates Gringrinds love of facts and how he thinks they are the one thing needful. It implies he doesnt have an opinion on human nature he can just calculate what its worth. We become aware that Gradgrind seems to have taken his theories to a ridiculous level and is no longer able to make judgements or use his instinct. He doesnt recognise his childrens needs or unhappiness. The government officer is described as a professed pugilist this indicates he is a fighter, stubborn and will fight for what he believes. When he questions the children his questions are likened to a punch being thrown at them, giving us the impression that the children are frightened at school. Dickens also uses significant names to manipulate the impression the reader gets of the characters. Gradgrind implies hardness and that he is grinding at the mill of knowledge; grinding factual information into children. Mr MChoakumchilds name suggests he chokes the childrens imagination, rams facts down their throats until they choke. Dickens creates the characters of the adults to emphasise the poor education system. He presents them as hard people who should not be working with children and do not know what is best for them. .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4 , .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4 .postImageUrl , .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4 , .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4:hover , .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4:visited , .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4:active { border:0!important; } .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4:active , .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4 .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4213418ac75a55ebcb7051bfd1d2f7d4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: What do we learn about Blanche's character? EssayThe pupils are addressed by number and not name, this shows they are stripped of their identity and personality. Gradgrind believes what children have to offer is not important; they do not need opinions, imagination thoughts and ideas he thinks all they need is facts.  In this life we want nothing but facts.  This clearly shows his attitude and emphasises the point that he will not only feed them facts but he will strip them of everything else. A number or calculation may also be easier for Gradgrind to remember and comprehend as he is a man of fact and calculations. The relationship between the pupil and teacher isnt p ersonal. This shows they were taught in a military style.  Dickens introduces Bitzer and Sissy to show a contrast, and the effects of the education system. Sissy is from the circus and Bitzer has been in the school all his life. Bitzer is the model pupil.

The Long Way to Confession in Fyodor Dostoevskys Crime and Punishment

One of the greatest psychologists in the world literature, the Russian writer Fyodor Dostoyevsky employed his literary talent in order to explore the most obscure and intricate nooks of human nature.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Long Way to Confession in Fyodor Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Delving unprecedentedly deep in the mysteries of human soul, he created his novels that present outstanding examples of psychological analysis of the most morbid issues and ideas. Dostoyevsky’s famous Crime and Punishment features a poor ex-student Raskolnikov who commits a premeditated murder of an old prosperous pawnbroker excusing his actions by the demands of the greater good and the general justice. However, despite those exalted aims, Raskolnikov suffers pangs of conscience and mental anguish for a prolonged time before he finally ventures to confess his crime. The act of confession is one of the central themes in Crime and Punishment, since it is the climax point of the novel signifying crucial changes in Raskolnikov’s mental and physical state. As such, the genre of confession was not new for literature: started as early as 400 AD by the Confessions of St. Augustine, the genre of intimate avowals of one’s secret sin enjoyed a growing popularity in European literature of the nineteenth century. In the eighteenth century Jean-Jacques Rousseau widely applied this genre in his autobiographical writings. Remarkably enough, Dostoyevsky repeatedly referred to Rousseau’s confessions, polemicizing with the latter’s interpretation of the genre. Traditionally, confessional genre was viewed as â€Å"a narrative in which the confessor recounted some secret crime or scene and then depicted the gradual reform and rebirth that resulted from pangs of conscience and expiation through suffering† (Lantz 364). But wh ile Rousseau’s confessor’s were represented as inherently virtuous beings, Dostoyevsky rejected such interpretation of the penitent and viewed the nature of man as not virtuous but â€Å"innately stupid and limited† (Lantz 365). This latter approach is by large reflected in Crime and Punishment which was supposedly conceived as a novel titled â€Å"Confession† (Frank 60; Lantz 71). Committing murder under a fanatical belief that his unlawful and inhumane action could be justified by a higher purpose of liberating the world from an evil parasite, Raskolnikov represents a supercilious figure lost in lofty and overweening ideals which contrast his miserable daily existence. The crime he commits is provoked not so much by financial need as by his desire for self-assertion as a unique and heroic personality. As Svidrigailov states in his dialogue with Dounia,Advertising Looking for research paper on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More â€Å"Napoleon attracted him tremendously, that is, what affected him was that a great many men of genius have not hesitated at wrongdoing, but have overstepped the law without thinking about it. He seems to have fancied that he was a genius too — that is, he was convinced of it for a time. He has suffered a great deal and is still suffering from the idea that he could make a theory, but was incapable of boldly overstepping the law, and so he is not a man of genius.† (Dostoyevsky 507) Having forced himself into a presumably heroic action and thus demonstrated his non-conformity with the social standards, Raskolnikov soon finds himself overcome by a mental disorder that necessitates him to seek a way out of the emotional instability and physical indisposition he experiences. Inherent in every psychological situation, there are obvious choices before Raskolnikov: either to relieve his suffering rapidly by committing suic ide or to go through the pangs of conscience and confess his crime to the world. The idea of suicide comes to Raskolnikov not once; he repeatedly faces suicide committed by others, and those incidents trigger decisive changes in his life attitudes and policies. On one occasion, having witnessed a woman drown herself in the Neva River, he gives up his initial intentions of putting an end to his life and resolves to resume an active life attitude: â€Å"Enough! †¦ Life is real! †¦ My life has not yet died with that old woman!† (Dostoyevsky 176–178, 197–198). On another occasion, learning of Svidrigailov’s suicide he finally decides to confess his crime to the police. With regard to Svidrigailov there emerges another significant connection in the novel. Svidrigailov symbolizes the cynicism of life, and Raskolnikov falls into deep despair at such attitude of nihilism. In Svidrigailov’s suicide he sees the defeat of disbelieving attitude and t herefore turns to faith in search of salvation. A demonstrative scene in this respect is the episode when Sonia is apprehensive of Raskolnikov’s suicide for â€Å"his lack of faith† and he suddenly turns up asking her for a cross (Dostoyevsky 537–538). This act symbolizes that Raskolnikov’s inner struggle between suicide and confession, between disbelief and faith, has ended in the victory of the latter and in acceptance of God as the only judge to the world’s injustice (Peace 73). By saying â€Å"I have come for your cross, Sonia†, Raskolnikov admits his improper act and states his intension to confess his crime publicly and accept all the consequences of his misdeed (Dostoyevsky 538). Sonya is another key character of the novel: she assists Raskolnikov with his arrival at the necessity for confession and reunion with the moral world. She is the first person to whom the murderer comes with his confession, and the way she reacts to his revel ations is decisive for the future development of events.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Long Way to Confession in Fyodor Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Her understanding and empathic reaction to his words — â€Å"But aren’t you suffering, too?† â€Å"It’s better I should know, far better!† â€Å"Only speak, speak, I shall understand, I shall understand in myself!† (Dostoyevsky 430), — and her encouragement of confession and letting the sin off his soul by bowing down and kissing the earth he has defied open a promise of forgiveness and regaining harmony with the world of morality. Before talking to Sonia, Raskolnikov’s â€Å"guilt and the wish to confess were as strong as his rage† (Breger 34). After it, the rage was gone and only the guilt and the urge of confession were left, since he realize d that confession would be the only way to shed off his guilt and cease the remorse. In the figure of Raskolnikov, Dostoyevsky demonstrates an example of a personality split between two extremes: on the one hand, Raskolnikov aims at restoring the world justice; on the other hand, he realizes the wrongfulness of his crime. Since Raskolnikov by large grants his first extreme on an arrogant idea of uniqueness and superiority rather than pure justice restitution, he is punished by moral suffering, as well as physical illness. The only way-out envisioned by Dostoyevsky in this case is in faith and grace that provide ultimate redemption. Raskolnikov achieves faith through a long struggle between his nihilism, disbelief, and despair on the one hand, and Sonia’s call to repentance and public confession, on the other hand. The resulting love Raskolnikov acquires in the end can be thus seen as a sign of heavenly grace and rewards for his resignation and righteousness. Works Cited Brege r, Louis. Dostoyevsky: The Author as Psychoanalyst. New York, NY: New York University, 1989. Print. Dostoyevsky, Fyodor. Crime and Punishment. Trans. Constance Garnett. Charleston, SC: Forgotten Books, 2008. Print. Frank, Joseph. Dostoyevsky: The Miraculous Years, 1865–1871. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995. Print.Advertising Looking for research paper on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Lantz, Kenneth. The Dostoyevsky Encyclopedia. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2004. Print. Peace, Richard Arthur. Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s â€Å"Crime and Punishment†: A Casebook. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2006. Print. This research paper on The Long Way to Confession in Fyodor Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment was written and submitted by user Gabriel Cherry to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.